Mechanics

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Isentropic process | Constant entropy process

What is isentropic process? In thermodynamic process, an isentropic process is an idealized process that is both adiabatic and reversible. Isentropic is the process in which the entropy is constant so it is also called constant entropy process. Thus, ∆S = 0 .  Example of the isentropic process: Pump, Gas compressor, Turbine, Nozzles, Diffusers are some example and follows the isentropic process of thermodynamics.  Theoretical explanation: According to first law of thermodynamics,  H = U + P V d H = d Q + V d P   OR   d H = T d S + V d P In this equation, V d P is a flow process work. Where d P is a change in pressure.  Now, at constant entropy, the enthalpy change equals to the isentropic process.  Thus, d Q = 0.    So, d H = V d P  Therefore, W = H2 - H1 = Cp ( T2 - T1) 
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Difference between torque and couple

Torque and couple are key concepts often encountered by students studying mechanics. These terms also confused students most often because of the similarity between them. There are some similarities between torque and couple but there are noticeable differences too. The difference between them will be explained in this article. Let us check out points on the difference between torque and the couple discussed below.  What is Torque? The twisting force that causes motion is known as torque refers to the turning effect. The point of the rotation of the object is called the axis of rotation. The concept of torque originated with the studies by Archimedes when ideas of the usage of the levers. What is a Couple? In mechanics, a couple refers to two equal and opposite forces, whose line of action is different from a couple. The couple also called a force couple or pure moment. Points on the difference between torque and couple:  The couple is two equa...
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Varignon's principle of moments | Varignon's Theorem

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Varignon's theorem also called the principle of moments.  Varignon's Principle: Varignon's principle states that if a number of concurrent forces acting on a particle are in equilibrium, then the algebraic sum the moments that each force creates about a single point will be equal to the moment of their resultant force about the same point.   Varignon's Theorem From the above figure, F1 and F2 are two concurrent forces and their resultant is R. The moment produced by R with respect to a moment center O is R × d. The moment produced by the force F1 and F2 is respectively F1 × d1 and F2 × d2.  As per varignon's therorem R d = F1 d1 + F2 d2 Notes: This theorem initially stated for two concurrent forces, but, it is true for any system of forces and any number of concurrent or coplanar forces.  One of the practical applications of this theorem is to find the unknown reactions when a system is known to be in equilibrium under...
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